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Life Science Research and Sustainable Development ISBN: 978-98-84663-33-9

shortening of the body, elongation of the body, oozing out of coelomic fluid, preclitellar swelling,
body constriction and segmental bulging Sivakumar (2015). In general, earthworms are effective
accumulators of metals from the soils leading to compartmentalization, storage, or excretion of
metal ions from the most sensitive tissues.
They apparently have well developed, specific trafficking and storage pathways and
redistribution capacity to regulate heavy metals, especially essential trace metals, in their bodies
that may lead to balance between uptake and excretion. The regulatory capacity of metals can
partly explain the ability of some earthworm species to live even in highly metal contaminated
areas. Moreover, metal body did not increase with increasing soil metal concentrations, not even
with these timated bioavailable fractions of the metals. Thus, the metal regulation may also have
contributed to the development of metal resistance observed in some earthworm populations
Lukkari et al., (2004). Harmfulness of certain metal concentrations measured from the earthworms
may be difficult to evaluate. Especially in the field, body burdens affecting survival, growth, and
reproduction of earthworms seem to be site and species-specific. In addition, responses of
earthworms to metal contamination are modified by several other environmental factors Latha &
Mahaboob (2016).
Conclusion
The conclusion of a study on the impact of heavy metals (mercuric chloride, copper
sulphate, and zinc sulphate) on the survivability of earthworms would summarize the main
findings of the research, discussing how exposure to these heavy metals affected the survival of
the earthworms. It would also highlight any notable trends or patterns that emerged from the
study, such as whether one heavy metal had a more pronounced effect on earthworm survival
than the others, or whether there was any dose-response relationships observed. Additionally,
the conclusion would relate the results to other existing studies on the topic, and discuss the
ecological and environmental implications of the findings.
It could be like: "The results of this study demonstrate that exposure to mercuric chloride,
copper sulphate, and zinc sulphate heavy metals have negative effects on the survival rate of
earthworms. The study reveals that mercuric chloride has the highest toxic effect among the
heavy metals used in this study. The findings of this research have ecological and environmental
implications as earthworms play an important role in ecosystem functioning. Further research
should be conducted to better understand the mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity in earthworms,
as well as to evaluate the potential long-term impacts of heavy metal pollution on earthworm
populations."
References:
1. Abbott, W.S. (1925) A Method of Computing the Effectiveness of an Insecticide. Journal
of Economic Entomology, 18, 265-267.
2. APHA (1989) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Part 3,
Determination of Metals. 17th, American Public Health Association, Washington DC, 164.
3. Dash M C and Patra UC 1977Density, biomass and energy budget of a tropical earthworm
population from a grassland site in Orissa, India; Rev. Ecol. Bio. Sol. 14461-471
4. Finney, D.J. (1971) Probit Analysis. 3rd Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
5. Kapil Parihar1, Rajeev Kumar2, Mahipal Singh Sankhla1 Shefali3 (2019): Impact of Heavy
Metals on Survivability of Earthworms international medico-legal reporter journal, vol, 2,
issue-3, November 2019.
6. Latha, V., &MahaboobBasha, P. (2016). Extent of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Sewage
Irrigated Soils and Their Impact on Distribution of Earthworm Communities: Linking

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