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Life Science Research and Sustainable Development ISBN: 978-98-84663-33-9

Industry 1.0
In the 18th century, with the power of water and steam, machineries were developed to perform
various industrial task. This is widely known as the first industrial revolution or Industry 1.0. It
allowed increase in mass production with machines power instead of purely human and animal
power. The products were complete with machines rather than human hands.
Industry 2.0
The Industry 2.0 i.e. the second industrial revolution was fascinated with the use of oil, gas and
electric power. Machines were then operated with electricity with more speed and
telecommunication devices brought mass production and some degree of automation to
manufacturing processes.
Industry 3.0
The third industrial revolution or industry 3.0 started in the 20th century. The new technologies
like computers, advanced telecommunications factories were digitized with some extent.
Automation of some processes, collection and sharing data made work management easier.
Industry 4.0
We are now in the fourth industrial revolution, also referred to as Industry 4.0. Characterized by
increasing automation and the employment of smart machines and smart factories, informed data
helps to produce goods more efficiently and productively across the value chain. Flexibility is
improved so that manufacturers can better meet customer demands using mass customization—
ultimately seeking to achieve efficiency with, in many cases, a lot size of one. By collecting more
data from the factory floor and combining that with other enterprise operational data, a smart
factory can achieve information transparency and better decisions.
Design Principles of Industry 4.0:
The important and basic principle of Industry 4.0 is that by connecting systems, work pieces and
machines, businesses are creating intelligent network extend in the entire value chain that can
control each other independently. There are four design principles of Industry 4.0. These
principles can support companies to identify and help in implementing the Industry 4.0
scenarios.[1]
• Interconnection – The ability of systems, sensors, people and machines connect and
communicate with each other through Internet of Things (IoT).
• Information transparency - The information transparency given by Industry 4.0 technology
which provides huge amount of useful information to operators which can be needed to make
the appropriate decisions.
• Technical assistance – Technical assistance system is support to humans by visualizing and
aggregating information for solving short noticed problems and making important decisions. It
also helps by conducting list of tasks which are unsafe, unpleasant or too exhausting for human
co-workers [9].
• Decentralized decisions – The cyber physical systems support to perform tasks and make
decisions as independently as possible. The tasks can be delegated to the higher level only in case
of conflicting goals, exceptions or interferences.

Technological Force in Industry 4.0
Cloud computing
Storage and Exchange of data is prime demand in any industry operations. Cloud
computing has provide the effective solution for Industry 4.0 strategy. Information of Raw
material, assembly lines status, output of various units demands connectivity and integration in

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